PLN 6

  In the last PLN,I found the use of chemistry in medication.
  So, today I would like to talk about some specific medicine we may hear or know in our normal life.
  Chemistry departments in hospital medical labs analyze blood, urine for proteins, sugars and other metabolic and inorganic substances. Electrolyte tests are a routine blood analysis, testing things like potassium and sodium. Most medications are involved with inhibiting a specific enzyme or the expression of a gene. Blocking an enzyme's active site requires a specifically designed "blocker" to disable the enzyme's function. Since enzymes are proteins, their functions differ based on shape and inhibitor drugs must be customized for each target enzyme.

  Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of depression. Despite their name, they are often used to treat a wide range of other conditions, on- or off-label, such as anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, eating disorders, chronic pain, neuropathic pain, and some hormone-mediated disorders such as opioid.
  An opioid is a psychoactive chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors, which are found principally in the central and peripheral nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. The receptors in these organ systems mediate both the beneficial effects and the side effects of opioids.

  Opioid is a series of medicines which contains lots of different drugs having similiar functions but not exactly same such as Adrenorphin and DADLE. Both of them will produce stimulus to human's brain but the specific function of the products are not same. The former one wil reduce the depression we have; the latter one is going to decrease the sensitivity of human.

PLN 5

                         Medicinal Chemsitry

  Medicinal chemistry is discipline at the branch of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties, where they are involved with design, chemical and development for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules (drugs). They are some specific drugs called antipsychotic drugs andantidepressants which are used to deal with the patients who have this kind of disorders.

     For the medicines I mentioned above are made as compounds. Usually the elements are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Maybe all of the drug compound are composed as same elements, but the different structure they have may cause them have different functions and usage. Besides, this kind of compound are commonly called organic compounds. They often divided into the broad classes of small organic molecules (atorvastatin, fluticasone, clopidogrel) and "biologics". The latter of which are most often medicinal preparations of proteins (natural and recombinant antibodies, hormones). 

  Inorganic and organ metallic compounds are also useful as drugs Since of this, learning basic knowledge and analyze the structure of them become significant. In particular, medicinal chemistry in its most common guise—focusing on small organic molecules—encompasses synthetic organic chemistry and aspects of natural products and computational chemistry in close combination with chemical biology. In a word, it involves chemical aspects of identification, and then systematic, thorough synthetic alteration of new chemical entities to make them suitable for therapeutic use. 

  So,make a specific Medicine using chemistry become a hard and specific work, unless people are familiar with chemistry, they can not figure out anything about it. The study includes synthetic and computational aspects of the study of existing drugs and agents in development in relation to their bioactivities, understanding their structure-activity relationships (SAR). 

PLN4

                                           The use of chemistry in the future.
   People began to pay attention to chemistry in 17 and had a development in 18 century under Boyle and Lavoisier's leading. Thanks to them, chemistry got the highest that time.
   Nowadays, chemistry is a major and is relevant about lots of other subjects such as psysics psychology and biology. It provides something that psysics can not explain and gives the solutions by using chemical reactions and the molecular structrue.  What does that mean?
   The idea that chemistry has its advance and importance is obvious. In next three year, I may focus on chemistry as my major. I wonder if we can use chemistry to find humand and creation's secrets. For me, my aim is using my hands and brain to let chemistry to get a higher altitude which means chemistry may have more and more use in more aspects. Madame Curie and his husband died since of the element they named, which has a strong radiation. Using chemistry to creat a new kind of medicine to heal some chronic diseases.
  Most of the anticancer drugs are hydrophobic molecules with serious toxicity to normal tissues and cells. Although it is known for all of the patients who have to take the medine to keep their livies. As I know, everytime people take the toxic drugs, they suffer a lot for mental and soma.
They want to get rid of the horrible medicine but they need them to help them live. However, as long as they take too much of this kind of medicine, even their cancer is cured, they are still going to die since of the toxin from the drug they take every single day. However, without chemical drugs, are ther any other ways to deal with high death rate cancer? The answer is no.
  It I can, human can, finding out the method to make the non-toxic anticancer medicine, It must be the best and most significent inventmen in 21 century. Learning the strucures and analysing the composition of each compound is the first step. Then there are many other secrets of chemistry is waiting us to find out.
  Can we?

Chemistry PLN3

I found the news from website of Boston University.

BUYCC, the abbreviation of Boston University Younger Chmistry Committee.http://chemweb.bu.edu/buycc/
   This is the eassy I found on the website introduces the Chemistry Committee in Boston University which attracts me,since my major in college is chemistry. I exactly want to go to a shcool which think highly of chemistry. As far as I concern, Boston University is one of the schools that suits my standard. It describes how many people or professor in the Chemistry Committee and tells me they also think chemistry is one of the major all over the world.
   I agree that chemistry must be one of the most significent science we need to pay attention to.


   Besides, I also find another interesting blog which link is http://prospect.rsc.org/blogs/cw/2013/02/04/quantum-chemistry-takes-on-virtual-reality/
   The essay's name is Quantum chemistry takes on virtual reality.
It is the eassy talks about the relationship between computer games nowadays and the quantum chemical calculations and reactions. Using some specific ways to make the calculation be easier and quick.As the articles says" chemistry can feed off the resource-hungry world of video games to provide the hardware and computational power", which means chemistry can lead the world be more creative and fundamental.
   I believe, using chemistry appropriatly and efficiently, the world will be better.

Comment for "Truth And Beauty In Chemistry"

  I just read a book about chemistry named "Truth and Beauty in Chemistry", which talks about the difference between basic psysics and math. Of course, they have their own beauties. However, as the wirter says, the beauty of chemistry is most fantastic and interesting.
  Here is one example to tell why the wirter thinks chemistry is beautiful. All of the material in the picture are composed by four elments- carbon, hydrogen,nitrogen and oxygen. But the different sequences make them become different compounds. Its beauty appaars with its varieties.
  During the process of the reaction, the reactant will disappear and transform into another material. Such as the reaction that carbon is burn in the oxygen, they will generate carbon dioxide.
of course, this procedure is not beautiful. For another one, such as copper sulfate. When it contacts with water, it will be blue from white.
  It is beautiful, isn't it?
  As for its truth, people can just learn about every specific process when they familiar with the sequences of the material and the equation about the reaction.

My Favorite: Chemistry

     Chemistry, a branch of physical science, is the study of the composition, properties and behavior of matter. It is interesting for me since it just looks like magic in some aspects, for which they products or make very different material behind amazing reactions.

     Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds. It is also concerned with the interactions between atoms (or groups of atoms) and various forms of energy. Every item exist contains this or that lots of different atoms or molecules. They make up the life and wrold. So, the deeper human want to find the basic, chemistry have a more important status.

    Besides, it is sometimes called "the central science" because it bridges other natural sciences like physics, geology and biology with each other. So, I love it, for its fantasy and his comprehensiveness. Every time we mix different items into a beaker, they material may convert to another one and may have a bright-color.

    The etymology of the word chemistry has been much disputed. The genesis of chemistry can be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy, which had been practiced for several millennia in various parts of the world, particularly the Middle East.
 As for me, my major in college will be chemistry, when I can spend more and more time on the experiments and find the interesting reaction principles.

O Captain My Captain

              O Captain, My Captain.
                                               written by Walt Whitman


O Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weathered every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
Rise up--for you the flag is flung for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths for you the shores a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
It is some dream that on the deck,
You've fallen cold and dead.
My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;
The ship is anchored safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;
From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I, with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.



    It is the most fantasy and magic poem for president Lincoln, which is also was most impressive and popular poem at that time. Of course, it talks about a captain who is brave and help his ship get rid of risks and danger. As far as I think, the image I found from Internet is very suitful and appropriate. In it, the captain holding the sword, lifting the eagle, stands infront of the sea within roaring waves.

   He, The captain,who found the new lands for all members on the ship,died, left the cold and dead body. His eyes would not open, his heart would not beat, any more, no more. He died." But I, with mournful tread, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead ". 
    How sad it is! He devoted his life and future to dirct others find the better future, but the consequnce he got, is death. He is a hero. President Lincoln, as the captain, was a hero in a great number of peoples' hearts. Although I am not an American, I can still imagine how people admire their captain, the hero, president Lincoln.